Год: 2009
Разделы: Исследовательская работа
Темы: Вода, ИУВР, Трансграничные водные ресурсы, Трансграничное сотрудничество
Авторы: Teresita Cruz-Del Rosario
Страны:
Источник: Australian Journal of International Affairs
The article examines the challenges of cooperative management of transboundary water resources in Central Asia. The author analyzes water relations among Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan through Ulrich Beck’s concept of “risk society.” The article argues that water scarcity, the transboundary nature of the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers, the Soviet legacy of centralized water management, artificial borders, and ethnic tensions create significant risks for regional stability.
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Water governance has emerged as one of the intense and most urgent challenges of the new century, largely due to the threatened nature of water availability and the transboundary character of water challenges. These conditions pose exceptionally high risks for societies that need to address these challenges. Using the concept of risk society as developed by Ulrich Beck, this article illustrates how shared risk among Central Asian countries provides the impetus for developing water governance mechanisms. However, the historical and sociocultural circumstances of these countries pose limits to their ability to craft workable governance arrangements; in particular, the Soviet legacy of centralised command-and-control governance over water and related ethnic tensions among countries. These tensions play out in the demarcation of water boundaries and the subsequent allocation of water resources among the riparian countries. However, these limitations can also be viewed through the lens of ‘reflexive governance’, which allows for flexibility, hybridisation, uncertainty and even ignorance.
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