Год: 2015
Разделы: Исследовательская работа
Темы: Вода, ИУВР, Водное законодательство, Стратегическое управление водными ресурсами, Трансграничные водные ресурсы, Трансграничное сотрудничество
Авторы: Bunyod Holmatov, Jonathan Lautze, Jusipbek Kazbekov
Страны:
Источник: International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics
This research presents a systematic analysis of 123 agreements concerning small transboundary tributaries within the Syr Darya River Basin, highlighting the importance of sub-basin cooperation in Central Asia. The study identifies a significant increase in treaty-making activity during the first decade of the 21st century, demonstrating that local-level cooperation can remain effective even when basin-wide cooperation faces challenges. Most of the analyzed agreements are regulatory in nature and focus on technical issues, including water allocation, operation and maintenance of hydraulic infrastructure, and the management of shared water resources.
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Conventional emphasis on basin-wide water management has often resulted in the formation of transboundary water law on the basin or near basin scale. In Central Asia, however, the Syr Darya Basin possesses an abundance of tributary-level cooperative agreements that guide and codify water sharing and management on the sub-basin scale. To understand the volume and nature of this cooperation, this paper compiled and analyzed a set of agreements that apply to small transboundary tributaries (STTs) in the Syr Darya Basin. The paper assembled the largest collection of STT water agreements—123 in total—and classified such documents according to a range of criteria including: purpose and objectives, water management issues, and operational mechanisms. Results of this work highlight a rise in sub-basin-scale cooperation in the first decade of the twenty-first century, a time when large-scale cooperation appeared tenuous; a practical orientation to transboundary water management at a small scale; and an abundance of treaties of short duration. These findings present options related to scale, time duration and focus of transboundary water law that can help inform future treaty development.
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