Year: 2025
Collections: Scientific Publications
Topics: Water
Authors:
Countries: Afghanistan
Source: https://water-ca.org
This study explores pathways to transformation through a focus on water relations among states, examining the intersection of water resources management, political conflicts, and historical grievances: (1) Ukraine and Russia regarding North Crimea Canal; and (2) Afghanistan and Pakistan in Kabul River Basin. Using these cases to support water conflict prevention, this study explores water interactions (disputes, arrangements, and agreements) from the time of respective sovereign statehoods: Afghanistan (1919), Pakistan (1947), and Ukraine and Russia (1991) through to 2022. The design of this study incorporates the Transboundary Waters Interaction Nexus (TWINs) framework to assess past water interactions; with the Four Stages of Water Conflict Transformation framework, used to assess 2022 state-level relations to determine collaborative skills to cultivate water transformation. Findings indicate that while Ukraine- Russia water relations are adversarial, and Afghanistan-Pakistan are in the reflective negotiation stage—territorial disputes and political economic dynamics hamper cooperation, though points of leverage (such as neutral third-party mediation, shared environmental and economic interests, and water diplomacy and legal frameworks) exist. This research provides value through broadening preventative and transformative strategies in politically sensitive and geopolitically unstable regions—showing that water can be a catalyst for equity and regional securitization.
Year: 2025
Collections: Scientific Publications
Topics: Water
Authors: Abdul Basit Da’ie, Hedayatullah Arian, Ahmad Shahir Popalzai, Homayoun Khoshnod
Countries: Afghanistan
Source: https://water-ca.org
Year: 2025
Collections: Scientific Publications
Topics: Water, Sustainable Development
Authors: Пономарева Т.С., Жирков В.В., Южаков И.Ю.
Countries: Kazakhstan
Source: https://water-ca.org
Возрастающая нагрузка на водные ресурсы, а также международные обязательства Казахстана по Повестке дня на период до 2030 г. определили необходимость скорейшей модернизации водохозяйственной инфраструктуры промыш-ленных предприятий. Между тем (в условиях отсутствия объективных гидроэкологических данных и нормативной неопределенности) принятие технологических решений по очистке и использованию шахтных и карьерных вод сопряжено водными рисками для горнодобывающей отрасли производства. Данные факторы послужили поводом для подготовки аналитического обзора с целью более широкого информирования заинтересованных сторон о существующей проблеме. Фундаментальный контекст статьи определяется научно-теоретическим сопоставлением существующей законо-дательной структуры регулирования водопользования с институциональной политикой Целей устойчивого развития № 6 (ЦУР 6) «чистая вода и санитария». В качестве ключевого аспекта исследований выступает «комплексный» индикатор 6.4.2. ЦУР «уровень водного стресса», сквозная взаимосвязь которого с другими индикаторами ЦУР 6 позволяет представить всесторонний анализ в вопросе надлежащего исполнения национальных стратегий РК по устойчивому управлению водными ресурсами. Результаты исследований показали, что несмотря на довольно полную законодательную интеграцию ЦУР в нормативно правовые акты (НПА) Казахстана, их реализация в виде экологических нормативов требуют критической переоценки для возможности практического применения при идентификации горнодобывающими предприятиями наилучших доступных техник (НДТ). Несостоятельность экологических нормативов обусловлена слабым межведомственным взаимодействием, размытом понимании ответственности, формальным характером участия промышленного и научного сообщества в разработке, экспертной оценке и научном сопровождении проектов НПА.
Year: 2025
Collections: Research Paper
Topics: Water diplomacy, Transboundary Water Resources, Transboundary cooperation
Authors: Dinara Ziganshina
Countries:
Source: Routledge Handbook of Water Diplomacy
This chapter explores the symbiotic relationship between international law and water diplomacy, emphasizing their role in promoting peace and security in the governance of shared water resources. The author examines the key legal principles that underpin interstate cooperation, including the principles of equitable and reasonable utilization and the obligation not to cause significant harm.
Year: 2025
Collections: Scientific Publications
Topics: Water, Climate
Authors: Thevs Niels, Aliev Kumar, Baier Clara
Countries: Kyrgyzstan
Source: water-ca.org
Recently, Paulownia spec. has been introduced to Central Asia in a number of small plantations. Paulownia yields timber of high quality for applications such as furniture, house construction, boat construction, and surf boards, or skis. Thus, Paulownia might offer a much-needed raw material for this region and beyond. However, Central Asia is largely occupied by drylands so that Paulownia needs irrigation. Against the background of frequent water stress across the region, this study aimed at assessing the water consumption and water productivity of that tree, using a 6-year-old plantation as study site. Trees were planted in May 2017 and cut back to their stumps in 2018. Daily crop evapotranspiration was calculated after the Penman-Monteith approach, whereby the crop coefficients were inherited from actual evapotranspiration values which stemmed from the remote sensing approach S-SEBI. Water consumption per tree was 1741 l, 4461 l, 4500 l, and 4407 l over the growing seasons 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively. The water productivity for the stem wood over the whole time-span from planting in 2017 until 2023 was 1.59 g l-1 and 5.65 ml l-1. Given the high quality of its timber and its range of high-value applications, it can be concluded that the water consumed by Paulownia enables higher value timber and timber products than other trees that grow in comparable areas of Central Asia.
Year: 2025
Collections: Scientific Publications
Topics: Climate
Authors: Наурозбаева Ж. К., Холопцев А.В.
Countries: Kazakhstan
Source: water-ca.org
Изучены особенности пространственной и временной изменчивости повторяемости атмосферных блокингов над территорией Казахстана в зимние месяцы, а также вариаций ее температурного режима для зимних месяцев. При обнаружении атмосферных блокингов в качестве фактического материала использована информация об изменениях над территорией Казахстана среднечасовых значений атмосферного давления, которые приведены к уровню моря, а также аналогичных значений геопотенциала, соответствующих изобарическим поверхностям 850, 500 и 300 гПа. При оценке влияния атмосферных блокингов на термический режим регионов Казахстана как фактический материал использованы результаты его мониторинга, проводившегося на расположенных в них метеостанциях Казгидромета, а также информация из архивов и электронных ресурсов. Предложена методика обнаружения атмосферных блокингов, обобщающая процедуры, которые традиционно используются для решения рассматриваемой задачи, что позволило снизить вероятности возникающих при этом ошибок. Для различных секторов территории Казахстана для всех зимних месяцев оценены средние значения повторяемости атмосферных блокингов за 1960–2020 гг., продолжительность которых не менее 5–10 суток, тенденции ее межгодовых изменений на отрезках времени, соответствующих различным частям современного климатического периода. Определены климатические нормы повторяемости таких блокингов для современного климатического периода и их изменения по отношению к базовому климатическому периоду (1961–1990 гг.). Также изучено влияние рассматриваемых атмосферных блокингов на термический режим различных регионов Казахстана, который характерен для зимних месяцев. Выявлены регионы Казахстана, где в периоды рассматриваемых атмосферных блокингов возникали наибольшие изменения их термического режима.
Year: 2025
Collections: Research Paper
Topics: Climate, Water governance, Transboundary Water Resources, Transboundary cooperation, Hydropolitics
Authors: Albina Prniyazova, Suriya Turaeva, Daniyar Turgunov, Ben Jarihani
Countries:
Source: Sustainability
Sustainable transboundary water governance in Central Asia faces significant challenges, including political tensions, ecological issues, such as the drying Aral Sea, and seasonal hydropower disruptions impacting downstream countries. This study aims to address these problems by examining the complexities of water resource governance in the region, emphasizing the interplay between national interests and regional cooperation.
Year: 2025
Collections: Books
Topics: Water, IWRM, Water governance, Water diplomacy, Transboundary Water Resources, Transboundary cooperation
Authors: Shafiqul Islam, Kevin Smith, Martina Klimes, Aaron Salzberg
Countries:
Source: Routledge Handbook of Water Diplomacy
Full book available here: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V8lHqDiaqrMtHnU6JP9p9SBC2rsXY8gX/view?usp=sharing
The Routledge Handbook of Water Diplomacy is a comprehensive guide to understanding and practicing water diplomacy – a framework for building relationships, negotiating shared interests, and managing complex water challenges across physical, political, and societal boundaries.
In an era marked by rising scarcity, deepening uncertainty, and growing geopolitical tension, this timely volume offers actionable insights for negotiated problem-solving grounded in both scientific understanding and diplomatic skill. Moving beyond abstract theory and technical fixes, the Handbook introduces a dual-pathway structure designed to meet the diverse needs of its users. The “Working Together” pathway invites readers to engage with water diplomacy through the lens of their roles, whether as professionals, decision-makers, funders, researchers, or affected communities. The “What Matters and Why” pathway highlights key thematic dimensions, including process design, adaptive learning, trust-building, divergent worldviews, and the management of uncertainty.
![Manual_5.0_FINAL_12.3_3rd_edition[1]_Страница_001](/media/images/Manual_5.0_FINAL_12.3_3rd_edition1.2e16d0ba.fill-425x600.png)
Year: 2025
Collections: Manuals
Topics: Water, IWRM
Authors: Kogutenko Larissa, Safiya Asalbekova, Michael Walther
Countries: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan
Source: Journal of MOLARE Research Centre (MRC)
Why water monitoring and assessment are important?
Water quality assessment is one of the crucial scientific and practical analyses to identify the possibility of water consumption for different human needs and nature/ecosystem conservation for future generations. Water quality can be measured and monitored in rivers, springs, creeks, swamps, estuaries, wetlands and lakes what is called aquatic systems. Quality parameters, such as biological, chemical and physical indicators identify the combination of values that influence the composition of water. Monitoring and comparison of different water habitats (macro invertebrates) in biological monitoring provides an information of water quality and allows to make a quick assessment.
Year: 2025
Collections: Scientific Publications
Topics: Water, Energy, Agriculture
Authors: Hamidov Ahmad, Bobocholov Asliddin, Sonoko Dorothea Bellingrath-Kimura
Countries: Uzbekistan
Source: water-ca.org
The water, energy, and food (WEF) nexus is being promoted as a conceptual idea for achieving sustainable development, that describes the interconnections and interdependencies between those three sectors. The main objective of this article is to operationalize the WEF nexus concept in lift-irrigated areas of Uzbekistan through involving local stakeholders, to investigate the WEF nexus within the lift-irrigated agriculture of the Kashkadarya region, an area heavily reliant on the Karshi Canal system. The study is grounded in the urgent need for sustainable development, with a focus on enhancing intersectoral cooperation between water, energy, and food sectors. A case study methodology was employed, incorporating semi-structured interviews with experts, alongside local farmers and scientists. Data were analysed using the qualitative analysis software, Atlas.ti. The results indicate significant challenges to intersectoral cooperation in the WEF nexus, including lack of trust, communication barriers, differing priorities, and insufficient political will. However, the findings also highlight the potential benefits of improved cooperation, such as enhanced resource efficiency, reduced operational costs, and mitigated risks from environmental stressors like drought. The study concludes that, according to stakeholders’ opinions, while the WEF nexus presents critical opportunities for advancing sustainable development in Uzbekistan, substantial barriers must be addressed to realize these benefits. Recommendations include promoting sustainable agriculture to reduce water dependency, improving energy security by diversifying energy sources, and raising awareness of the WEF nexus’s importance. Furthermore, fostering stronger stakeholder cooperation is crucial for achieving Uzbekistan’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030.
Year: 2025
Collections: Books
Topics: Water, Climate, Sustainable Development, Management, Water diplomacy, Water governance Gender, IWRM, Agriculture, Irrigation,
Authors: Shafiqul Islam, Kevin Smith, Martina Klimes, Aaron Salzberg
Countries: N/A
Source: Routledge
The Routledge Handbook of Water Diplomacy is a comprehensive guide to understanding and practicing water diplomacy – a framework for building relationships, negotiating shared interests, and managing complex water challenges across physical, political, and societal boundaries.
Year: 2025
Collections: Scientific Publications
Topics: Climate, Agriculture
Authors: Alisher Mirzabaev, Yessengali Oskenbayev, Alisher Sansyzbayev
Countries: Kazakhstan
Source: https://cajscr.com
Land restoration in Kazakhstan plays a pivotal role in addressing both climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation. The country faces significant challenges related to land degradation, including driven by deforestation and shrubland loss, which has substantial economic and environmental impacts. By restoring forests, Kazakhstan can enhance carbon sequestration, particularly in regions such as Eastern Kazakhstan, which has shown notable gains in carbon sinks from land use and land cover changes. Restoration initiatives also align with Kazakhstan’s commitments under the Bonn Challenge, aiming to restore millions of hectares of degraded land by 2030. By analyzing land cover changes from 2001 to 2020, we identified key degradation hotspots and quantified economic losses of approximately 5.6 billion USD, primarily in grasslands and forests. Evaluating three socioeconomic and climatic scenarios—Optimistic, Base, and Pessimistic—revealed that restoration investments ranging from 6.7 to 11.6 billion USD could yield benefit-cost ratios between 1.4 and 4.3, with wetlands and forests restoration emerging as priority areas. These findings highlight the need for an integrated, data-driven approach to align economic viability with environmental sustainability, thereby promoting green growth and enhancing long-term resilience. Land restoration can serve as a cornerstone for achieving Kazakhstan’s environmental goals, fostering synergies between climate mitigation, biodiversity protection, and sustainable development.
Year: 2025
Collections: Scientific Publications
Topics: Climate
Authors: Кисляк У.А., Костенков Н.А, Петраков Д.А.
Countries: Afghanistan
Source: https://water-ca.org
Исследование лавинной деятельности в горных регионах является важным аспектом для обеспечения безопасности населения и защиты инфраструктуры. Особое внимание уделяется изучению лавин в труднодоступных и малоизученных горных районах, одним из которых является Гиссаро-Алай. Удаленность, труднодоступность и повышенная облачность в период наибольшей лавинной активности делают полевые наблюдения и использование оптических спутниковых снимков для исследования лавинной деятельности в Гиссаро-Алае крайне затруднительными. В таких условиях оптимальным решением становится применение радиолокационных технологий, позволяющих получать данные независимо от погодных условий и условий освещенности. В статье описывается методика обработки радиолокационных снимков спутника Sentinel-1, а также результаты дешифрования лавинных отложений, которые были получены для Зеравшанского, Гиссарского, Туркестанского и Алайского хребтов в сезоне 2021/2022 гг. Проведена верификация метода при помощи мультиспектральных данных со спутников группировки Sentinel-2. Для каждого из хребтов Гиссаро-Алая приведены особенности лавинной деятельности – распределение отдельных мест залегания лавинных отложений по абсолютной высоте, крутизне и экспозиции склонов.
Year: 2025
Collections: Scientific Publications
Topics: Agriculture
Authors: Ankit Garg, Sai Krishna Akash Ramineni, Neelima Satyam, Askar Zhussupbekov
Countries: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan
Source: https://cajscr.com/
Soil salinity in Central Asia negatively impacts soil structure, leading to degradation and reduced water infiltration. This not only hampers agricultural productivity but also makes the land less suitable for construction due to its high susceptibility to deformation. Environmentally friendly materials like biochar, a carbon-rich substance, show promise in reducing the deformation of saline soils. However, the mechanisms behind its effectiveness are not yet fully understood. This study aims to analyse saline clays’ dispersion and sedimentation behaviour under varying pore water salinity levels (0 % to 10%). A biochar content of 5 % was selected as it is found to be optimum for plant growth and erosion resistance. It was found from the study that the biochar increases the aggregation of soil particles and enhances flocculation, improving soil dispersion characteristics. Biochar facilitates soil particle aggregation by increasing the cation exchange capacity. At higher pore water salinity levels (5% and 10%), the sedimentation behaviour of biochar-treated soil particles deviates from expectations, showing slower sedimentation rates and lower sedimentation heights. This is because the sodium ions are adsorbed by biochar, reducing salt’s effect on dispersion and sedimentation. The results demonstrate that biochar effectively enhances the stability of saline soils and, hence, has a potential use for ground improvement in the Central Asian region.
Year: 2025
Collections: Scientific Publications
Topics: Water, Climate
Authors: Rohullah Mayar, Mohammad Assem Mayar, Mohammad Hamid Omar
Countries: Afghanistan
Source: https://water-ca.org
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